Quick Reference Guide

Table of contents

• Geometry and mesh preparation
• Weld Contacts
• Export Weld Material
• Add Fillet/Butt welds
• Weld Strength Result
• Laminar Strength Result
• Weld Fatigue Result
• Cumulative damage
• Child Result
• Group Result
• Mesh Result
• Weld object worksheet preview
• Weld Report
• Eurocode 3 assessment
• AISC 360-16 assessment
• User code assessment
• Weld Settings
• Active License

Geometry and mesh preparation

• It is preferred to use solid geometry meshed with sweep method and Solid Shell element type .
  This is equivalent to using shell mesh, but it eliminates manual mid-surface pre-processing work.
• It is preferred to model weld seams with the Add Welds instead of geometry parts.
  This allows for easy optimization of the weld configuration and throat thickness without updating geometry, contacts and mesh.
• If using shell geometry, extend and connect edges with Shared topology.

Weld Contacts

• If not modelling weld seams with geometry or “Add Fillet/Butt Welds” use Optimize Bonded Contacts to allow for “Weld Strength” evaluation. Do not use MPC formulation.
• If modelling weld seams with CAD geometry use Create Weld Contacts to setup a weld contacts connections folder.
  Make sure to exclude/suppress contacts between “non-weld” parts.
• You may use Weld Contact Match on tet-meshed parts to imprint the contact mesh on the target face.
  Do not use Node Merge Group in combination with weld contacts.
  Instead of “Weld Contact Match” you may use imprints on geometry.

Export Weld Material

• Engineering data for a weld may be exported to the default app materials.

Add Fillet/Butt welds

• Multiple weld seams can be defined in one object if the reference face for one seam is not the target face for another.
• The first edge picked defines the start of section path.
• Do not use Share Topology to connect solid bodies as this is not compatible with “Add weld” and will make meshing more difficult.
• If weld graphics is corrupt try debugging tips to open in SCDM and “Cut&Paste” geometry and update Mechanical.
• The Add Butt Weld requires a chamfered geometry.
• Welds defined in a static analysis can be used in a pre-stressed Modal and subsequent Transient, Harmonic, Random & Spectrum analyses.
• Use Mesh Results “Rst Material Number” to display “Add Fillet/Butt Weld” Elements added into FE Model.
• Weld contacts are adjusted/morphed to the geometry and may cause mesh quality issues. The morphing can be turned off.

Weld Strength Result

• The weld section defines the results path and reference face represents the part that is welded.
• Pay attention to cruciform joints.
• Result for “Add * Welds” must be selected using the list in the Geometry Select property.
• For shell and solid models without weld elements the weld offset effect can be included.
• Weld strength results requires that Nodal Forces are set in Analysis Settings.
• Set “Calculate Min Thickness = Yes” and “Result Item = Min thickness” to find min weld size, a_min .
  If a > 2*plate thickness or equal 999 mm it indicates poor design or with respect to the loading.
• Check Warnings message for plastic bending stress.
• Result items can be averaged as floating (default), segment, section (linear/constant) and group.
• Eurocode 3 recommendations for plate thickness, t > 4 mm, and weld length, l > 30 mm or 6*a.
• Model tests show that the method chosen to model the weld influences the result up to ±15%.
• Use Fillet/Butt Weld strength Shell for Shell models where element size » weld size.

Laminar Strength Result

• Check Eurocode 3 Lamellar strength “trough-thickness toughness”.

Weld Fatigue Result

• Weld Fatigue evaluation based on IIW recommendations for fatigue.
• FAT class S-N curves from IIW, Eurocode 3 and DNV are included, see the design codes section.
  User defined S-N curves can be added.
• Generic stress data is post-processed using CSV Stress Fatigue.
• Through thickness linearized stress (common in ASME) is post-processed using Linearized Stress Fatigue.
• Structural stress fatigue in welds (DNV, Eurocode etc.) is post-processed using Structural Stress Fatigue.
• Nominal Stress Fatigue is mainly used for base material fatigue evaluation.
  Available stress types: Principal, Sum of Principal, Stress Intensity, Equivalent, Normal X/Y/Z, Shear XY/YZ/XZ.
  The geometric stress in Nominal Stress Fatigue can be derived using the Hot-Spot Stress Fatigue method.
• Hot-Spot Stress Fatigue is recommended for weld fatigue evaluation of shells and solids.
  Available stress types: Normal (default), Parallel, Shear, Shear (Max), Principal (no limit), Principal (IIW limit), Principal (Normal), Principal (Parallel), Equivalent, Equivalent (DNV).
  Use “mesh inflation” to create at least one element between Hot-Spot and first interpolation line.
  Use “Weld mesh” method to create weld mesh connections and hot-spot imprints in a shell model.
• Effective Notch Stress Fatigue is recommended for evaluation of the weld toe or weld root and requires detailed geometry and mesh preparation, min 4 elements in a 90° fillet.
  Available stress types: Tangential (IIW default), Principal, Sum of Principal, Stress Intensity, Equivalent.
• Results are displayed if mesh is good enough. Check result item Life quality is 100% ±50%.
• Don’t use long path names with regional characters or very large node numbers >1E8, see Known Issues and Limitations.

Cumulative damage

• Cumulative damage based on grouped fatigue load cases or by solution editor.

Child Result

• Evaluate a different result item (at a different time/step) for a selected parent results object using Child Result.
• Fillet Weld Strength Child
• Butt Weld Strength Child
• Fatigue Child

Group Result

• Evaluate a selected result item (at a different time/step) for a group of selected parent results objects using Grouped Result.
• Grouped Weld Strength
• Grouped Weld Fatigue

Mesh Result

• Use Mesh Results to display FEM results (temperature, stress, strain, contact) from added welds.

Weld object worksheet preview

• The Weld object worksheet preview uses the Worksheet Preview in ReportGenerator to display all details of a weld object including the result summary tables.

Weld Report

• One-button-click Weld report for selected analysis with information for all defined welds and their results.
• The Weld report is available by installing the Report Generator app and will use the Weld Toolkit license.
  The general report features requires the Report Generator license.
• The weld report is easy to import to Microsoft Word.

Eurocode 3 assessment

• Weld assessment according to Eurocode 3 for strength and fatigue including detailed results summary in the Weld report.

AISC 360-16 assessment

• Weld assessment according to AISC 360-16 for strength including detailed results summary in the Weld report.

User code assessment

• User defined weld codes can be created adding additional materials, S-N curves or edit the expressions for utilization calculation.

Weld Settings

• To manage global app settings or edit the codes use the Weld Settings object. Settings can be imported from a selected previous app version. The settings can then be saved to update the app default values.

Active License

• The Active License button displays the status of the license. Click to release (check in) the license.